Narcissism Essays (1824 words) - Psychopathy, Narcissism

Narcissism In the analysis of an individual there are three primary methods employed in order to successfully assess and repair his condition- biological, cognitive, and psychoanalytic theory. In the case of narcissism, only the psychoanalytic approach will suffice to structurally repair rather than suppress manifest symptoms of the unfulfilled self. Narcissists must learn to address the needs of their childhood that have not have been satisfied and acknowledge them as the root of their grandiose actions, a facade for their inner sense of shame and insecurity (Kohut, 1978, p. 423). In the case of Mr. Z, he underwent two analyses with a five-year grace period in between, the first analysis unsuccessful in structurally curing his masochistic propensities as they merely shifted to another facet of his life (Kohut, 1979, p.10). This lack of structural change went unnoticed during the first analysis, and was only revealed through examination of the patient's root of disturbance during the second ana lysis. The agent that assisted the discovery was the change in approach by the analyst within the realm of psychoanalysis, that is the shift from a focus in analysis based upon classical-dynamic structural terms to that of the psychology of the self in the narrow sense. (Kohut, 1979, p. 26). Through observation of symptoms and examination of life occurrences, it is clear that Mr. Z exhibits the characteristics of narcissism. He has a mother that relied upon him as her self-object throughout his childhood and into his early adult years. This provided conflict in that Mr. Z needed his mother as his own self-object, and due to her selfish role-reversal, he did not receive the mirroring necessary to develop a healthy, strong self-structure. Self-objects mirror an individual, confirming one's inner sense of greatness and perfection, provide a figure for idealization, and relate a twinship for one to identify interests and talents with, also known as an alterego (Kohut, 1978, p. 414). Mr. Z's mother played all of these roles in his life because his father left when Mr. Z was young. One found him absent of a man with whom he could idealize and identify; hence he was incapable of asserting his masculinity. Mr. Z's mother was of a pathological state and intermeshed her disturbanc e within the relationship with her son (Kohut, 1979, p. 13). Faulty interaction between the child and his self-objects result in a damaged self. (Kohut, 1978, p. 414) This abused child developed a perspective that conformed to that of his unstable self-object, rather than creating an independent center of initiative. This led to number of narcissistic preoccupations including a focus upon his productions, masochistic fantasies, defensiveness and denial, and an arrogance of demandingness (Kohut, 1979, p. 14). The ultimate comprehension of the disturbances of Mr. Z can be attributed to the analyst's realization of the true foundations of the patient's symptoms. Once this realization occurred, his perspective changed in that he was able to perceive the significance of unmet essential needs as the reason for disturbances. In addition, he acknowledged that Mr. Z's self-structure could only be repaired through time and by a more patient and understanding demeanor on behalf of the analyst (Kohut, 1979, p.12). In the first analysis, the analyst merely tolerated Mr. Z's defensive behavior and progressively sought to oppose it, however in the second he perceived it as a transference of childhood feelings that resurfaced in therapy (Kohut, 1979, p. 12). Mr. Z had unintentionally witnessed sex between his parents at an early age and associated it with aggressiveness as his memories sequenced it following verbal battles between them. Defenses accompanying this obviously disturbing encounter include a cts of grandiosity and overconfidence due to a supposed illusionistic oedipal victory (Kohut, 1979, p 26). Mr. Z was convinced that he had won because the father left; his success had achieved the power of sole possessor of his mother. However, the removal of his father soon led to Mr. Z's mother engaging in extramarital affairs. Due to the nature of the boy's position as her sole male possessor, these other men introduced a threat to his security; therefore, the therapist saw the patient's defensiveness as a mechanism that shielded him against these rivals. Where the analyst went too far, discovered in the second

Free Essays on The Bible and the Gun

In reviewing Basil Davidson’s documentary â€Å"The Bible and the Gun,† many different thoughts as well as emotions become more than present along with a greater understanding of the history of the lives of many Africans. The African people were well aware of the beauty, resourcefulness, and sanctity of their land, yet in the eyes of the British, the land was equivalent to wealth and nothing more. The Africans were targeted by the British as well as other Europeans for their land primarily but once their lands became inhabited, their every move would now be under the control of the white man. Due to the fact that the African people were considered to be the â€Å"inferior race,† the white man seemed to have no qualms with mistreating or exploiting them to the best of their abilities. The white man’s desire was to make the Africans ultimately landless. Davidson also makes a point to outline the importance of the slave trade and the fact that it was used in the conquest over Africa and its people. The arrival of the Europeans into Africa was persistent and continuous, after learning the American way of wealth. A man by the name of David Livingston was one of the most well known explorers of the African land. He was a geographical researcher and sought out and accomplished to find a nautical route/waterway through the many rivers running through Africa. Along with being a researcher, explorer, he was also a missionary in hopes of promoting the faith of Christianity as well as the idea of commerce. He was one of the only European explorers who treated the Afric an people as people and was respected, not feared. Livingston was also responsible for the naming of the Victoria Falls. The vast lands of Africa were rich with natural resources such as diamonds, gold, ivory as well as many skilled workers that were a necessity in these lands that were foreign to the Europeans. Not only did the Europeans have insights on the way they went abou... Free Essays on The Bible and the Gun Free Essays on The Bible and the Gun In reviewing Basil Davidson’s documentary â€Å"The Bible and the Gun,† many different thoughts as well as emotions become more than present along with a greater understanding of the history of the lives of many Africans. The African people were well aware of the beauty, resourcefulness, and sanctity of their land, yet in the eyes of the British, the land was equivalent to wealth and nothing more. The Africans were targeted by the British as well as other Europeans for their land primarily but once their lands became inhabited, their every move would now be under the control of the white man. Due to the fact that the African people were considered to be the â€Å"inferior race,† the white man seemed to have no qualms with mistreating or exploiting them to the best of their abilities. The white man’s desire was to make the Africans ultimately landless. Davidson also makes a point to outline the importance of the slave trade and the fact that it was used in the conquest over Africa and its people. The arrival of the Europeans into Africa was persistent and continuous, after learning the American way of wealth. A man by the name of David Livingston was one of the most well known explorers of the African land. He was a geographical researcher and sought out and accomplished to find a nautical route/waterway through the many rivers running through Africa. Along with being a researcher, explorer, he was also a missionary in hopes of promoting the faith of Christianity as well as the idea of commerce. He was one of the only European explorers who treated the Afric an people as people and was respected, not feared. Livingston was also responsible for the naming of the Victoria Falls. The vast lands of Africa were rich with natural resources such as diamonds, gold, ivory as well as many skilled workers that were a necessity in these lands that were foreign to the Europeans. Not only did the Europeans have insights on the way they went abou...

Rock Me Amadeus and Der Kommissar Lyrics by Falco

Rock Me Amadeus and Der Kommissar Lyrics by Falco Falco was one of the first Euro-pop stars to receive a truly international fan base. His hit songs like Rock Me Amadeus and Der Kommissar are a mix of German and English lyrics in a techno-pop style and they topped international music charts during the 1980s. While Falcos life and career were short, he left a mark on music history. He was one of the first musicians who broke national barriers and appealed to music lovers throughout the world. Who Was Falco? The Austrian pop star  Falco  was born Johann Hà ¶lzel  in Vienna on February 19, 1957. He first gained international attention with his huge hit â€Å"Der Kommissar† in 1982. After â€Å"Rock Me Amadeus† in 1985, Falcos popularity extended into the 1990s until his untimely death at the age of 40. Falco died on February 6, 1998 in an auto accident near Puerto Plata in the Dominican Republic. He had moved there in 1996 to avoid high Austrian taxes and the constant attention for media. He was in the process of setting up a new recording studio when he drove into the path of an oncoming bus. Falcos Biggest Hits The majority of Falcos songs contain what VH1 calls â€Å"a droll mixture of German and English lyrics.† Many were recorded and released for both the European and American markets as well as various other editions. The versions of â€Å"Rock Me Amadeus† and â€Å"Der Kommissar† on European releases are different from the U.S. releases, plus there is a variety of â€Å"remix† versions of many Falco songs. Falcos German lyrics are usually easy to understand (except when he uses a Viennese dialect). While many of his songs were popular, only a few were really big hits: Der Kommissar - (1982) Einzelhaft  albumRock Me Amadeus - (1985) Falco 3  albumJeanny   - (1985) Falco 3  albumVienna Calling  - (1985) Falco 3  album Rock Me Amadeus Lyrics Released in 1983, Rock Me Amadeus was Falcos biggest hit and it topped music charts all over the world. There was also a U.S. version released for radio, but the lyrics do not have the same pizazz or tell the full story of Falcos original lyrics. In true Falco form, English is scattered throughout this song. This is particularly true in the chorus, which is quite catchy and filled with little more than Amadeus, Amadeus, Rock me Amadeus.   Instead of including the complete song lyrics, lets focus on the German verses and their translations. By isolating these lines from the hit tune, we can see Falcos admiration for Mozart which was likely influenced by his classical music training in Vienna. The original lyrics show how Falco brought the classical composer into the spotlight and explained him as a rock star of his day. If you know much about Mozarts life, you will realize that this is really not far from the truth. Falcos Lyrics Direct Translation by Hyde Flippo Er war ein PunkerUnd er lebte in der groen StadtEs war Wien, war ViennaWo er alles tatEr hatte Schulden denn er trankDoch ihn liebten alle FrauenUnd jede rief:Come on and rock me Amadeus He was a PunkerAnd he lived in the big cityIt was Vienna, was ViennaWhere he did everythingHe had debts, for he drankBut all the women loved himAnd each one shouted:Come on and rock me Amadeus Er war SuperstarEr war populrEr war so exaltiertBecause er hatte FlairEr war ein VirtuoseWar ein RockidolUnd alles rief:Come on and rock me Amadeus He was SuperstarHe was popularHe was so exaltedBecause he had flairHe was a virtuosoWas a rock idolAnd everyone shouted:Come on and rock me Amadeus Es war um 1780Und es war in WienNo plastic money anymoreDie Banken gegen ihnWoher die Schulden kamenWar wohl jedermann bekanntEr war ein Mann der FrauenFrauen liebten seinen Punk It was around 1780And it was in ViennaNo plastic money anymoreThe banks against himFrom which his debts cameIt was common knowledgeHe was a womens manWomen loved his punk Note: English phrases in italics are also in English in the original song. Der Kommissar Lyrics Falcos first international hit was Der Komissar, released in 1982 on the Einzelhalt album. This song is a perfect example of how Falco mixed German and English in his music. This unique style in language had a certain appeal to his fans and is one of the main reasons why he found such worldwide fame. Der Kommissar also demonstrates how innovative Falcos music was in the early 80s dance club scene. This is one of the great examples of the singer fusing techno-pop music while  rapping the German lyrics. This song still gets a lot of play on hits-of-the-80s radio stations- usually the English version by After the Fire. A German line from that song did, however, became familiar to English-speakers around the world: â€Å"Alles  klar, Herr Kommissar?† (Got that, Mr. Commissioner?). Falcos Original Lyrics Direct Translation by Hyde Flippo Two, three, fourEins, zwei, dreiNa, es is nix dabeiNa, wenn ich euch erzhl die GschichtNichts desto trotz,Ich bin es schon gewohntIm TV-Funk da luft es nicht. Two, three, fourOne, two, threeWell, it doesnt matterWell, when I tell you the storyNone the less,Im quite used to itIt wont be running in TV-Funk. Ja, sie war jung,Das Herz so rein und weiUnd jede Nacht hat ihren Preis,Sie sagt: Sugar Sweet,Ya got me rappin to the heat!Ich verstehe, sie ist hei,Sie sagt: Baby, you know,I miss my funky friends,Sie meint Jack und Joe und Jill.Mein Funkverstndnis,Ja, das reicht zur Not,Ich berreiss*, was sie jetzt will. Yes, she was young,Her heart so pure and whiteAnd every night has its price.She says: Sugar Sweet,ya got me rappin to the heat!I understand, shes hot,She says: Baby, you know,I miss my funky friends,She means Jack and Joe and Jill.My understanding of funk,yeah, itll do in a crunch,I understand what she wants now. Ich berleg bei mir,Ihr Nasn spricht dafr,Whrenddessen ich noch rauch,Die Special Places sind ihr wohlbekannt,Ich mein, sie fhrt ja U-Bahn auch.Dort singens:Dreh dich nicht um, schau, schau,der Kommissar geht um!Er wird dich anschaunund du weit warum.Die Lebenslust bringt dich um.Alles klar, Herr Kommissar? I think it over,Her nose does the talking,While I continue to smoke,She knows the Special Places very well;I think she takes the metro, too.There theyre singing:Dont turn around, look, look,the Commissioner is out and about!Hell keep his eye on youand you know why.Your zest for life will kill you.Got that, Mr. Commissioner? Hey man, wanna buy some stuff, man?Did you ever rap that thing Jack?So rap it to the beat!Wir treffen Jill and JoeUnd dessen Bruder hipUnd auch den Rest der coolen GangSie rappen hin, sie rappen herDazwischen kratzens ab die Wnd. Hey man, wanna buy some stuff, man?Did you ever rap that thing Jack?So rap it to the beat!We meet Jill and JoeAnd his bother hipAnd also the rest of the cool GangThey rap to, they rap froIn between they scrape it off the walls. Dieser Fall ist klar,Lieber Herr Kommissar,Auch wenn sie andrer Meinung sind:Den Schnee auf dem wir alleTalwrts fahrn,Kennt heute jedes Kind.Jetzt das Kinderlied:Dreh dich nicht um, schau, schau,der Kommissar geht um!Er hat die Kraft und wir sind klein und dumm,dieser Frust macht uns Stumm. This case is clear,Dear Mr. Commissioner,Even if you have a different opinion:The snow on which we allski downhill,every child knows.Now the nursery rhyme:Dont turn around, look, look,the Commissioner is out and about!He has the power and were little and dumb;this frustration makes us mum. Dreh dich nicht um, schau, schau,der Kommissar geht um!Wenn er dich ansprichtund du weit warum,Sag ihm: Dein Lebn bringt dich um. Dont turn around, look, look,the Commissioner is out and about!When he talks to youand you know why,tell him: Your life is killing you. * à ¼berreissen Austrian slang for verstehen, to understand Note: English phrases in italics are also in English in the original song. The German and English lyrics are provided for educational use only. No infringement of copyright is implied or intended. These literal, prose translations of the  original German  lyrics by Hyde Flippo are not from the English versions sung by either Falco or After the Fire.

Philosophy class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosophy class - Essay Example This foundational belief is no other than the cogito, i.e. the â€Å"I†. But how does Descartes arrive at the cogito? On what grounds is Descartes certain that this â€Å"I†, which he claims to be the foundation of all his knowledge, is invulnerable from any deceiver? These are the questions that I shall systematically address throughout this essay. Let me begin with Descartes’ vision. Descartes had a vision, a plan to establish a unified physical science wherein all sciences would form into one systematic whole. This unified science was, for Descartes, a rationalistic one. For, it ought to be based on the methods and principles of mathematics. Why mathematics? For mathematics is the only reliable means for arriving at genuine knowledge of reality, i.e. truth. Indeed, truth was Descartes’ passion. He sought to find this truth even if it means overthrowing all his existing beliefs. For, he realized that all his ideas were doubtful and all his beliefs are fa lse. Of course, how can one claim to have knowledge if the very foundations for my knowledge are either doubtful or false? It is in this regard that he decided to overthrow all these existing beliefs and ideas and use only reason as his sole basis for establishing a permanent truth. Herein, mathematics was Descartes solution. He will use mathematics as his model for his use of reason, in achieving absolute certainty. What is so special about the methods of mathematics? Mathematics uses two principal mental operations: intuition and deduction. It is in this regard that Descartes’ goal as a philosopher is to build a system of philosophy based on intuition and deduction. For, his ultimate goal was to do a total reconstruction of human knowledge. He was determined to find his self-evident or foundational principle, which will serve as his first principle, from which absolutely certainty can be deduced. But what are the requirements for such a foundational belief? First, it has to be clear and distinct insofar that it cannot be doubted. Second, It should be absolute and independent, and should not be based on any other belief. And third, it should be something that exists. So given these said requirements, how then will Descartes establish his foundational belief? Descartes will use the method of doubt, which he terms methodological skepticism. He defines this as the use of doubt methodologically, in order to arrive at true knowledge (Lavine, 1984). So, in doubting all his beliefs and ideas, he classifies then into categories, starting with his beliefs on sense perception. Why? Descartes says that these are by nature, deceptive, and that we cannot tell whether we are dreaming or not. Next, he doubted his beliefs in material objects. Why? For material objects and the physical world are based upon sense perception, which we have established to be deceptive. Third are his beliefs on natural sciences. Why? For it uses objects that are based on sense perception, which we have already established to be deceptive and thus untrustworthy. And fourth, Descartes surprisingly doubted his belief in mathematics. Herein, he invented a malevolent demon that conditions his mind and deceives him with his mathematical ideas. For, even if mathematics is his sole basis for clear and distinct ideas, he sometimes falls into error. One may wonder, why does he have to create a demon to doubt his belief in mathematics? Mathematics was just one of Descartes’ reasons for inventing this demon. For, he uses this

Analysis of a survey conducted on a website Assignment

Analysis of a survey conducted on a website - Assignment Example Most people view exercise as a vital lifestyle Majority of the individuals who participated in the survey viewed exercise as an important aspect of health maintenance. 3% of individuals viewed exercise as not essential, 97% of the participants viewed exercise as important. Most individuals from the survey live an active lifestyle, by spending a lot of time outdoors. 5 to 6 hours is the average time spent outdoors by the majority participants Most people who participated in the survey, spend 5-6 hours when is weather is favorable. 31% of the participants spend 5-6 hours outdoor in a good weather. 23% spend more than 8 hours outdoors; contrary to the 15% that spend 0-2 hours outdoor. Insecurity, boring state, injuries and other vices are related to trails According to the data on the survey as to why people do not like trails; time factor was the most eminent factor; with 118 in number. The majority participants do not use trails because they do not have enough time. Trails are not convenient for the 99 participants, 85 individuals avoid trails because their friends are not interested in trailing. 48 people view trails as scary, 39 people state that rails limits their exercise routine, and 33 participants say that trails are boring.

The Awakening Essay -- essays research papers

The Awakening, written by Kate Chopin, tells the story of a woman, Edna Pontellier, who transforms herself from an obedient housewife to a person who, is alive with strength of character and emotions which she no longer has to repress. Playing the role of a wealthy New Orleans housewife, Edna searches for fulfillment in her customary 19th century life, where the Creole society had high expectations of their women. Even with children, a generous husband, and financial stability, Edna finds herself wanting more from life. In the novel, two women friends of Edna, Adele Ratignole and Mademoiselle Reitz signify her awakening and the consequences of her new found self. 	Edna was attracted to both women for their prospective connection to the two existences within which Edna struggles to find herself. Adele Ratignolle is Edna's close friend and confidante, but the two women are nothing alike. Adele is the perfect housewife and mother; she is the epitome of what a Creole woman and mother ought to be. She lives her life for her children, always being sure that they are properly cared for, clothed, and educated. Unlike Adele whose life is fulfilled through loving and caring for her children, Edna is "fond of her children in an uneven, impulsive way" (Chopin, p. 18). They are not enough to justify her life. Adele could not understand how Edna could say that she "would never sacrifice herself for her children, or for anyone" (Chopin, p. 47). Edna's being is ...

Balanced Scorecard approach at the Heathrow Airport Essay

Balanced scorecard is an avenue that is used to gauge performance management. This method was developed by some students from Harvard; it came about as a realization that many businesses relied mostly on financial measures for management purposes. (â€Å"Effective performance with the balanced scorecard, n.d †) Terminal five was a big project which needed great involvement both in terms of manpower but also in regard to resources. The size of the project contributed a lot of hiccups from time to time and great care needed to be taken in order to ensure the project ended well. The team in charge deemed it fit to utilize the balanced score card method to carry out the project to its completion. The project was almost a landmark due to its sheer size and it was recognized in the country as an achievement. The terminal takes care of a large number of users any time throughout any given year. The airport has received accolades as one of the best constructed terminals in the globe. There is a transit system set up that links the terminal to adjacent buildings. The control tower in the building is more than seventy meters long. The project cost more than three billion pounds. The terminal was as a result of efforts by British Airport Authority and British Airways. The project involved more than forty thousand people including both the workers and the team managing it. The contract to build it had been awarded to a group of highly ranked contractors. What did the project target to achieve? High goals were set for the project, style and quality was one of the reasons of developing the esteemed project. The contractors wanted to build a luxurious terminal that combined elegance with safety features. The building had to fulfill the building codes despite its magnitude; this was one of the headaches the contractors found themselves grappling with for the better part of the duration. The other issue was to ensure the project lives up to its expectations; that is fulfilling its mandate of service delivery at the swiftest time possible. (â€Å"Customer Perspective†, n.d.)Several agreements had to be signed among various service providers so as to smooth the processes of work as well as to avoid stalling; time proved to be a scarce commodity for the execution of this project. Service providers were divided in to various integrated teams which were closely monitored for quality assurance purposes. British Airport Authority looked through various projects undertaken by nu merous contractors in order to try and look into limitations the project may have encountered. The score card method helped the team that was in charge of the project to link tasks to ease supervision and create a flawless work schedule. Processes were achieved in an easier manner; also procedures had to match their allocated financial budgets. Results were analyzed at every stage of the project to ascertain the outcomes achieved in relation to the timelines set. (â€Å"Effective performance with the balanced scorecard, n.d †) Under the score card method procedures need to succeed in a number of ways: purpose, measurement and its application. Projects world over have to be carried out in tested methodologies; this helps people the hazards that may arise from utilizing unsure practices in construction and financial management. Vetting had to be carried for individuals in the management team; so as to achieve accountability and good stewardship. The working structure was made in such a way that each team member got himself or herself accountable to the team assigned to. Agreement made for the project as well as the rigid quality structure contributed to the success of the project under the score card method. The four-tier approach for quality check helped to enhance involvement of all who took part. Quality had been a strict condition set up by this procedure; good communication channels help in achieving desired results. (â€Å"Practitioners guide to a balanced scorecard, n.d†) Leadership mattered greatly to deliver success of the project. The leadership team had good coordination with their service providers; their timely supervision and ensuring check and balances were achieved. Suppliers also upped their game by delivering top notch products to ensure the best outcome. (â€Å"Effective performance with the balanced scorecard, n.d †) Behavioral change was another factor that came to the aid of the project; the level of interaction among the people involved was great because everybody worked well as a team. Experts were consulted at regular intervals to ensure procedure was duly followed. Trainings were fostered alongside best practices in quality management and practice. Trainings also acted as further team bonding sessions, they knew a strong united team is best able to deliver success. (â€Å"Practitioners guide to a balanced scorecard, n.d†) Project phases were checked on frequent durations; monthly basis and recorded under the balanced score card process. Color codes were used to make indication concerning status of set targets. Project leaders and the contractors were given an upper hand in decision making but subject to consultations. What were some of the lessons drawn or passed on from the project? Projects need to have indicative measures put in place. Processes have to be made in such a way that validating them becomes easier and processes that are found to be invalid be scrapped. Non-conformance reports should be accompanied by records of cost estimation. The project was a culmination of procedures advocated by the score card method; information from developments gave the stakeholders the psyche to pull through. References Retrieved from http://www.epmreview.com/resources/articles/item/85-customer-perspective.htmlRetrieved from http://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/ImportedDocuments/Tech_rept_Effective_Performance_Mgt_with_Balanced_Scd_July_2005.pdfRetrieved from http://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/Thought_leadership_docs/tech_resrep_a_practitioners_guide_to_the_balanced_scorecard_2005.pdf Source document